SELECT 
  cscart_products.* 
FROM 
  cscart_products 
WHERE 
  cscart_products.product_id IN (
    280, 689, 281, 283, 286, 287, 501, 289, 
    288, 291, 483, 293, 294, 295, 296, 641, 
    298, 299, 300, 577, 301, 302, 646, 498, 
    304, 306, 307, 514
  )

Query time 0.00054

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_products",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
      "key": "PRIMARY",
      "key_length": "3",
      "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
      "rows": 28,
      "filtered": 100,
      "index_condition": "cscart_products.product_id in (280,689,281,283,286,287,501,289,288,291,483,293,294,295,296,641,298,299,300,577,301,302,646,498,304,306,307,514)"
    }
  }
}